Under the background of global advocacy of green development, energy conservation and emission reduction, electric trucks are gradually becoming the new favorite of the transportation industry with their many unique advantages, attracting widespread attention.
One of the most significant advantages of electric trucks is their excellent environmental performance. The exhaust emissions of traditional fuel trucks are one of the important sources of air pollution, while electric trucks have achieved zero exhaust emissions in the true sense. In urban logistics transportation, the use of a large number of electric trucks can effectively reduce the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, and make a positive contribution to improving urban air quality. According to relevant data, the exhaust emissions of a heavy-duty fuel truck are equivalent to 500 passenger cars. If these heavy trucks are replaced with electric trucks, the emission reduction effect will be extremely significant. Based on the calculation that all 1 million short heavy trucks in the country are electrified, the reduction in particulate matter emissions is equivalent to 300 million passenger cars, which is of great significance to alleviating air pollution and responding to climate change. In addition, the noise of electric trucks during operation is significantly lower than that of fuel trucks. In urban areas with strict noise restrictions, it can effectively reduce traffic noise pollution and improve the quality of residents’ living environment.
Energy saving and high efficiency: improve energy utilization efficiency
From the perspective of energy utilization, electric trucks are more efficient than traditional fuel trucks. Generally speaking, the thermal efficiency of the most efficient internal combustion engine is only 40%, and a large amount of energy is wasted due to heat loss and friction, while electric motors can convert 90% of the energy into power output. Although in actual driving, the efficiency of electric trucks will be reduced due to factors such as driving conditions and cold weather, the overall energy utilization rate is still much higher than that of fuel trucks. This means that under the same transportation tasks, electric trucks can consume less energy, thereby alleviating the problem of energy shortage to a certain extent and providing strong support for sustainable development.
Economical: Reduce long-term operating costs
In terms of operating costs, electric trucks show obvious advantages. Although the purchase cost of electric trucks is relatively high, their use cost is low. At present, electricity prices are more stable and usually lower than oil prices. Taking short-distance transportation as an example, the fuel cost per kilometer of fuel heavy trucks may be as high as 2-3 yuan, while the electricity cost per kilometer of electric heavy trucks is often only about 1 yuan or even lower. In the long run, this will save a lot of fuel costs for transportation companies. At the same time, the power system of electric trucks is relatively simple, without complex engine, transmission and other components. The maintenance work is mainly concentrated on the inspection and maintenance of battery packs and motors. The maintenance cycle is relatively long, and the overall maintenance cost can save considerable funds every year compared with fuel heavy trucks. In addition, in some areas, the government will also provide policy support such as car purchase subsidies and tax incentives to encourage the promotion and application of electric trucks, further reducing the operating costs of enterprises.
Powerful power: adapt to complex transportation conditions
In terms of power performance, electric trucks perform well. The electric motor can output a large torque instantly, which makes the electric truck powerful when starting and accelerating, especially suitable for urban logistics transportation conditions with frequent start-stop. Generally, the horsepower of a fuel heavy truck for short-distance transport is usually between 200 and 300 horsepower, and the power output is relatively gentle, while the horsepower of an electric heavy truck can reach more than 500 in total. When loading heavier goods, it can still cope with it easily, and the acceleration performance is better. In addition, electric trucks are relatively easy to operate. There are no complex mechanical structures such as gearboxes and clutches. The driver only needs to control the ignition and brakes, which reduces the difficulty of driving and labor intensity. In congested urban roads, the advantages of convenient operation are particularly prominent, which helps to improve transportation efficiency.
With the continuous advancement of battery technology, the cruising range of electric trucks is gradually increasing, and the charging infrastructure is also constantly improving. Coupled with the strong support of policies, the development prospects of electric trucks are very broad. In the future, electric trucks are expected to occupy a larger share in the transportation industry, leading the entire industry to move towards a green, efficient and sustainable direction, and bringing a new revolution to global logistics and transportation.
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